An online journal of commentary, analysis, and dignified rants on national security issues. Other posts on home life, annoying things, and a vast 'other' are clearly marked.
I live and write in Ann Arbor, Michigan. University of Michigan AB and MA from Eastern Michigan University. One term in the Michigan Army National Guard. Former American history instructor and retired nonpartisan research analyst. I write on Blogger and Substack. Various military and private journals have published my occasional articles on military subjects. See "My Published Works" on the TDR web version or under the mobile version drop-down menu for citations and links.
I have finally salvaged my pre-Blogger TDR archives and added them into Blogger. They are almost totally in the form of one giant post for each month. And the formatting strayed from the originals. Sorry.
But historians everywhere can rejoice that this treasure trove of my thoughts is restored to the world.
And for your own safety, don't click on any old Geocities links or any of their similar variations in my posts. Those sites have been taken over by bad and/or dangerous sites. Hover over links first!
[There] is ample evidence to suggest that China hawks in the Pentagon
and Congress are overstating China’s military capabilities while
underplaying the value of dialogue and diplomacy in addressing the
challenges that Beijing poses to the United States and its allies.
What of the overstatements?
1) He says Chinese military power is not roughly equivalent to America's but perhaps no more than 59% even with purchasing power parity considered. That's a reasonable criticism, I admit.
2) Of the military assets, he picks large aircraft carriers (11-3 American advantage); nuclear weapons (10:1 American advantage); advanced combat aircraft (nearly 3:1 American advantage); and America's nearly double ship tonnage, reflecting larger and more capable ships).
Yet he admits that trends are working against America's fleet.
And he admits that force levels in the western Pacific must be considered, a region "where China holds a geographical advantage and has increased its capabilities considerably compared to a few decades ago."
So what of his basic arguments?
I think his first point has some validity. Those worried about China will assume worst-case assumptions about their hidden defense spending figures. But I think the author goes the other way of best-case assumptions to justify supplanting military power with robust diplomacy. Which I find silly. Adding an adjective to essentially assert that diplomacy can be more effective without the military power that traditionally makes talking more effective is folly. Friends won't exploit lesser American power. Enemies will.
Yet his second set of arguments undermines his minimization of Chinese threats by accurately noting that China's smaller defense budget has an advantage over our forces near China. We deploy globally and so our forces are spread out. China is right there able to concentrate its forces. And given that China would almost certainly be the side to initiate war, they can ready their forces to maximize their home field advantage. And if they catch American forces in a theater-wide Pearl Harbor, our best forward deployed forces could take quite the hammering. And that author admits the trends favor China.
And of all the areas of military assets he picks just four. Does America have a carrier advantage? Yes. But I don't think they are as valuable for sea control missions as we think. If those trends the author mentions that put our fleet at risk so close to China continue, those carriers may not last long in the fight.
They may be burning and/or sinking--or pulled out of the fight to avoid that fate. Then that American ship tonnage advantage disappears very quickly. China, of course, is a vast air base that can be used instead of carriers for air power in the first island chain. Our air bases are much more scarce. Recall that the author limits his comparison to advanced aircraft, presumably stealth. China may catch up with that, and as the Winter War of 2022 shows, quantity has a quality all it own. Especially if we struggle to sustain our forces across the vast Pacific and defend the few bases we can use. We may not have the logistics or air base capacity to exploit our 5th generation plane advantage--except in the area of replacing losses.
And given China's vast shipbuilding advantage, in a long war China can more easily replace losses and even expand their fleet.
As for the nuclear advantage? Unless the author is suggesting America will use nukes, it's irrelevant. All that may mean is that the war is kept conventional. Which may very well favor China on its home turf. Further, China appears to want to dramatically expand its nuclear arsenal. So the trends on that favor China, too.
Mind you, it gets complicated when you consider America has many capable allies. But herding those cats is difficult. And gives China opportunities to split the alliance.
The author's bottom line about how we allegedly underplay dialogue and diplomacy in favor of military power?
[A] report
by the Quincy Institute that proposed a new U.S. defense strategy for
Asia points out that the answer is not to simply race to reestablish
U.S. military superiority in the region: “Efforts by the United States
to restore military dominance in the region through offensive strategies
of control . . . would . . . prove financially unsustainable; they
could also backfire by exacerbating the risk of crises, conflict, and
rapid escalation in a war.”
In the place where the risk of a U.S.-China conflict is most
likely—Taiwan—a robust diplomatic strategy needs to be developed to
accompany and supplant the emphasis on how to win a war with China.
So Taiwan is the most likely scenario for a U.S.-China war. You have to consider how China could win before America can
gather its own forces and rally scattered allies. Taiwan, for example, is a
scenario that China could absolutely win--if you check the Definitions Section for what a victory actually is.
Taiwan is
China's most core of core interests that China claims it must achieve to
restore China's glory and erase the Century of Humiliation. How does
even robust diplomacy solve that problem and supplant the ability to defeat China in a war? Can we really figure out a way to sort of hand over Taiwan to China? Really?
If
China agrees to any compromise, assume China will press its advantage
over time to take total control. We watched Russia in Ukraine go from
"little green men" in Crimea in 2014, to subliminal war in the Donbas in
2015, to "frozen conflict" pressure through 2021, and then back to war--bigger and more destructive--in
2022. And now there is talk of compromise with Russia that would
convince Russia to only sort of take over Ukraine. Despite Russia's persistent claim that Ukraine must be restored to the Russian empire.
Robust diplomacy with China will be a fig leaf for a slow American retreat and probable ultimate defeat of America.
Sticking to the current strategy is not only economically wasteful, but will also make America and the world less safe.
The idea that American defense spending makes us and the world less safe is repulsive. It relies on the assumption that a Chinese victory without war is superior to a war that stops Chinese aggression.
Chinese defense spending makes the world near them less safe. Russian defense spending makes the countries near them less safe. North Korean and Iranian defense spending makes the world less safe. American defense spending helps keep the threats to safety down to a dull roar. And protects America. Lord, this guy isn't even up to the level of Fortress America thinking on defense policy.
The author is from Responsible Statecraft. Which I've mentioned I find worthless as a source of national security policy thinking. As I read the article, I honestly started to get RS vibes and then saw that the author is with the outfit. So there you go.
I'm done with wasting my time on anything associated with RS.
NOTE: TDR Winter War of 2022 coverage continues here.
NOTE: I'm adding updates on the Last Hamas War in this post.
Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo warned that Europe must be
ready to stand alone if Donald Trump sweeps back to the White House
later this year.
“If 2024 brings us ‘America first’ again, it will be more than ever
Europe on its own,” he warned in a speech at the European Parliament, at
the start of a year in which both European Union citizens and Americans
go to the polls.
“We should, as Europeans, not fear that prospect; we should embrace
it,” he argued, saying that Europe must become “stronger, more
sovereign, more self-reliant.”
It still amazes me that Democrats insist Putin is "playing" Trump as if
Trump isn't pushing back against Russia in contrast to Obama's
flexibility and retreat.
Obama began his administration ignoring Russia's late 2008 invasion of
Georgia in order to begin the famous "reset" with Russia, complete with
abandoning the Bush missile defense plan on the day the USSR invaded
Poland in 1939. Early in his administration Obama formally declared a
"medium term rule" scarily reminiscent of Britain's "ten year rule" in
the 1930s that said America faced no conventional military threats.
Obama famously promised Putin "flexibility" after his reelection,
remember?
Obama mocked the very idea that Russia was our main geopolitical foe as
Romney said in a 2012 debate (to the delight of Democrats)[.]
Does any of this ring a bell?
Obama ignored Russia's violation of the Intermediate-range Nuclear
Forces treaty, accepted the Russian proposal for a chemical weapons
agreement with Syria that did not eliminate Assad's chemical weapons or
prevent Assad from using them and which helped Assad survive the
rebellion, did nothing to stop election interference in 2016, refused to
enable energy production in America to reduce Russia's oil sale income,
pulled our last tanks out of Europe, and allowed American military
readiness and war reserve stocks of ammunition to drop to dangerous
levels.
Yes, Obama made late and small additions to American forces in Europe
while imposing some sanctions on Russia for Russia's invasion of Ukraine
in 2014. But the overall message was one of not provoking Russia rather
than helping Ukraine fight.
Trump encourages energy production which expanded under Obama only in
areas away from Obama's prior obstruction, Trump is reinforcing American
forces in Poland and Germany, including adding more tanks,
reestablished Second Fleet to fight for control of the sea lines of
communication between North America and Europe, reestablished a
logistics command in Europe to supply forces in eastern NATO, pushed
missile defenses at home and in Europe, brought non-NATO Sweden and
Finland into defense preparations in the Baltic region, reinforced NATO
in Romania while pushing back against Russian claims to dominate the
Black Sea, rebuked the INF treaty that only America was obeying, began
rebuilding American readiness and war reserve stocks, bombed Syrian
chemical weapons facilities despite Russia's presence in Syria, began
selling lethal weapons to Ukraine to fight Russia in the Donbas,
restored our military focus on conventional warfare and our focus on
great power competition that includes Russia, loudly insisted that NATO
members make good on their 2014 pledge to spend more on defense,
strengthened our defenses against potential Russian meddling in the 2018
election, tightened sanctions on Russia, and warned Russia to stay away
from Venezuela.
These contrasting positions in regard to Russia are simply off the top
of my head and I assume more could be added to each category of actions
with some research and thought.
Please excuse my lengthy quote, but it bears repeating in full during this age of posturing over supposed threats to our democracy and the very world that is gearing up in our media.
Or maybe military aid would be paid for with assets seized from Russia.
Maybe that's how Trump thinks he'll get Putin to end its war on Ukraine in a day. It won't work. But that path seems more likely for what Trump intends than letting Putin capture Ukraine and be responsible for all the evil and danger to American security that will follow that outcome.
I'd really like Republicans to move on from Trump for a number of reasons. Including his age. Do we really want to ignore the perils of electing a seriously old president after the last three years? Mind you, I'll vote for whoever runs against the increasingly bizarre Democrat Party's nominee since I'll have just two choices. But let's get real. Don't take European lamentations at face value. Any crisis will do. Even if it is fake.
Nobody ever won a war by sitting on the defensive. This applies to Ukraine's prospects for defeating the Russian invasion notwithstanding the tactical superiority of the defense over attackers.
Ukrainian Main Military Intelligence Directorate (GUR) Head Lieutenant General Kyrylo Budanov stated on January 30 that the Russian offensive in Ukraine is currently ongoing and that Russian forces aim to reach the Zherebets River (in the Kharkiv-Luhansk Oblast border area) and the administrative borders of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts. Budanov forecasted that Russian forces would fail to achieve these objectives, however, and would likely be “completely exhausted” by the beginning of the spring.
Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu stated on February 2 that Russian forces retain the “strategic initiative” along the entire frontline in Ukraine, a notable departure from Shoigu’s previous characterization of Russian operations as “active defense.”
Is holding the strategic initiative a simple statement of fact (excepting the Kherson front) or an indication that Russia will attack with whatever it has available?
It has boggled my mind that Russia hasn't built up a force to resume offensive operations north of the Kharkov region. Why wouldn't Russia use its superior numbers to extend the front to the north and northeast?
The Kremlin censored a protest by wives of mobilized soldiers in Moscow on February 3 likely to suppress any possible resurgence of a broader social movement in support of Russian soldiers and against the regime.
Losses will certainly prevent Russia from accumulating significant forces to achieve significant gains. Assuming Ukraine doesn't crack from morale or supply issues.
Ukrainian forces will likely be unable to husband materiel and personnel while defending against Russian offensive operations, localized or large-scale, that are meant to prevent them from doing so. Ukraine would risk consuming resources it hoped to conserve for its own counteroffensive operations in efforts to stop continuing Russian attacks, likely while losing ground, if it went over to the strategic defensive as some US officials are apparently recommending. The side in war that holds the initiative generally has the advantage, and it is unwise to suggest that Ukraine should cede that advantage to Russia for longer than is absolutely necessary.
As I commented in 2022, nobody ever won a war by staying on the defensive, notwithstanding the rote repetition out of context that defending requires fewer troops than attacking:
First, people often get the 3:1 rule wrong.
It is a ratio of power--with a number of factors contributing and not
just troop numbers engaged--for tactical battles, and not a measure of
necessary troop strength superiority overall in a war.
Second, in military parlance there's another saying. "Nobody ever won a war by sitting on the defensive."
Third, while being on the offensive is harder than being on the defensive, having the initiative has a number of advantages.
I then went into the advantages in that 2022 post that I won't repeat here. Check it out if you like.
Recall that in World War II, Russia was able to get large advantages in men and materiel on their offensive fronts in large measure because after Kursk, Germany was too weak to go on the offensive even on limited sections of the front. This allowed Russia to thin out their troops on non-offensive sector parts of the front to get big superiority at the point of attack. And the Germans were unable to exploit the thinner Russian forces elsewhere--even if Germany had been aware of the vulnerabilities.
That German inability to seize the initiative was a tremendous safety net for Russia which knew it could take those risks in order to keep hitting the Germans.
If Ukraine can't seize the initiative, it must defend. And building fortifications is good. But don't dare think that this is the path for a low-cost Ukrainian victory. At best it is a strategy for losing less than it might.
At worst, with that safety net of knowing Ukraine can't exploit any Russian weaknesses, Russia conquers Ukraine after a long fight. And while we may later marvel at how many casualties Ukraine inflicted on the inferior Russian troops, in the end Ukraine will be conquered.
Once aid expands to allow greater Ukrainian military assertiveness,
instead of pure survival, and simultaneous long-term security
commitments, including the prospect of NATO membership at the alliance
summit in July, a path to peace and stability would be possible by this
year’s end.
Russia's reported reserve concentrations throughout Ukraine largely align with Russia’s assessed priorities along the front, although they are not necessarily indicative of future Russian operations. Ukrainian military observer Kostyantyn Mashovets stated that Russian forces currently have 17 regiments, 16 battalions, and two regiment-battalion level tactical detachments in reserve. Mashovets stated that there are about 60,000-62,000 total Russian personnel in reserve units, but Russian forces have only equipped about 20,000 tactical and operational-tactical level reserve personnel with weapons and equipment.
Will Russia expend them to maintain the illusion of strategic initiative to take minor objectives? Or will Russia equip, organize, and deploy them into a significant force able to achieve decisive results?
Will Ukraine contest Russia's strategic initiative to deny the ability of the Russians to mass their reserves? Can Ukraine without immediate resupply?
I worry less about Ukraine losing the city than I worry about Ukraine losing their troops defending that narrow salient if the Russians manage to encircle the city. Preserve the army, I say.
Unless Ukraine is poised to counter-attack any Russian penetration and engage them in an open battle kill sack rather than trying to batter through Russian minefields, fortifications, and artillery fire.
ISW also previously assessed that Russian forces may launch tactical diversionary cross-border raids into Kharkiv Oblast from Belgorod Oblast to distract and pin Ukrainian forces away from the Kupyansk-Svatove-Kreminna axis, where Russian forces are currently pursuing offensive operations[.]
I've long been puzzled why Russia doesn't try to stretch Ukraine's defenses by striking into the less-defended north and northeast.
The Lions crushed San Francisco in the first half, then faltered. Epicly. That hurt. I can't complain about the two decisions not to go for field goals. That attitude got us to the prom and field goals aren't automatic in Detroit this season. I'll sooner wish a ball didn't bounce off of a player into the air, keeping it live.
I was assured global warming made it pointless to conduct this kind of training: "U.S. soldiers from a division that specializes in extreme cold-weather
operations are putting their skills to the test alongside Japanese
troops on the northern island of Hokkaido this month."
Danger close: "American troops stationed in Egypt didn’t get their Christmas presents
in the mail, and now some are concerned that they won’t receive their
ballots." We've kept the peace a long time there.
Huh: "A new nuclear bomb simulator created by Russian scientists, complete
with mushroom cloud effects, will enable the Kremlin’s troops to train
for combat operations after a radioactive blast[.]" Bluff? Or Putin could simulate a nuclear strike on Russia to justify horrific acts of his own.
Don't believe Russia is doing just fine: "Russian oil sales are now barely profitable. Russia depends on those
profits to pay for oil and gas exploration and the construction of new
oil and gas extraction and delivery systems, plus maintenance of
existing oil and gas infrastructure."
Perhaps that actress didn't ruin her looks with plastic surgery. I hope not! But boy did she look dramatically different in the pictures. Was commenting on the picture misogyny? Meh. Whether it was makeup or surgery, her purpose was to look better. naturally she'd get comments on her looks.
Russia is pushing its major customer, India, away: "Unnamed Indian government sources stated that India wants to distance itself from Russia, its largest arms supplier, because the war in Ukraine has limited Russia’s ability to provide India with munitions." Strategery.
I'm worried about stupidity not a civil war: "A sizable majority of the public supports Texas’s construction of a wall along its border with Mexico and feels that President Joe Biden’s efforts to stop it are the first step toward civil war." But who knows how that malevolent mediocrity in the White House could ef up.
It's not the great replacement. It's the great new pliant voters: "The unprecedented chaos at the U.S. border and in major American cities
that has been caused by the Biden administration’s immigration policies
finally seems to have moved to the center of national political debate
and public awareness."
Denmark steps up: "The Danish air-defense frigate Iver Huitfeldt set sail to the Suez Canal
on Monday to join the coalition protecting shipping in the Red Sea[.]"
Facing off against China: "An air base in the Philippines is set to receive a major upgrade to
accommodate U.S. aircraft under a plan to strengthen deterrence against
China." The line in the sea grows.
Interesting: "Currently Russia has 1,100 jet fighters and strike aircraft. Russia is a
large country and most of these aircraft are stationed in distant areas
of Russia with about a third of the aircraft concentrated against
Ukraine." Fifty F-16s will have an impact with that deployment fraction.
The Anschlusstightens: "Russian President Vladimir Putin and Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko signed a series of economic and technological agreements on January 29 advancing the Kremlin’s efforts to further integrate Belarus into the Union State structure."
A frozen conflict: "Senior Russian security official Dmitry Medvedev told Japan on Tuesday
it would have to drop territorial claims to a group of Pacific islands
if it wanted to conclude a peace treaty with Russia formally ending
World War Two."
The real coup unpunished: "It was on [January 5, 2017] that the Democrats decided to spread the phony story
that Donald Trump was a Russian agent. It was ludicrous, it was
ridiculous, and it crippled Trump’s presidency. As far as sheer national
destruction it was far worse than the riot of January 6 could ever be."
The virtual cold war: "The U.S. government in recent months launched an operation to fight a
pervasive Chinese hacking operation that compromised thousands of
internet-connected devices[.]"
Ukraine will get a new weapon made just for them: "Ukraine will receive its first batch of Ground-Launched Small Diameter Bombs[.]" It's a SDB attached to a ground-launched rocket. I noted it earlier.
Via Instapundit: "Blue Shield, a health care provider that moved its headquarters to
Oakland in 2019, is offering employees security guards and ride-hail
services due to the rise in crime in Oakland[.]" As I memed:
Fear? "Iran's Revolutionary Guards have scaled back deployment of their senior
officers in Syria due to a spate of deadly Israeli strikes and will rely
more on allied Shi'ite militia to preserve their sway there[.]" Sure. Better for Persian Iran to fight Israel to the last dead Arab, eh?
The last line of defense is the Phalanx CIWS: "A Houthi missile recently put a US destroyer's close-in weapons system to the test, a report said." The first line of defense is destroying the Houthi missile launcher and killing the crew. Are we waiting for an Iranian-supplied missile to hit a Navy warship first?
You see, I'm not against seriously punishing actors like this for J6. My problem is over-charging people who at worst trespassed and at best were actually invited in by cops where they walked between the velvet rope lines. It's a digital witch hunt now with years of imprisonment before trials in an unfriendly venue.
Why are conservatives blamed for a stalled "bipartisan deal that would pair policy changes at the U.S. southern
border with wartime aid for Kyiv as their carefully negotiated
compromise[.]" Why should conservatives compromise on our border security? Shouldn't that be the easy part to agree on?
More, please: "The U.S. early Thursday carried out a 'self-defense' strike, targeting and destroying multiple projectiles that Houthi militants in Yemen were preparing to launch at commercial ships, a U.S. official tells Fox News." Rubble doesn't make trouble. That's self defense.
Fine, I think: " The German navy’s priorities for 2024 will focus on increasing its presence in the Baltic Sea and Indian Ocean[.]" The Red Sea is also under consideration. My view is control the Baltic and token forces elsewhere for alliance tripwires.
Oh joy: "After an absence of five years, it appears piracy has returned to Somalia." I'd tell Somaliland and Puntland that if they act like a state and control their territory we'll treat them like states. Otherwise it's the Lexington Rule. India isn't shy about acting.
More to follow: "U.S. military forces today conducted strikes on seven facilities, which
included more than 85 targets in Iraq and Syria, that Iran's Islamic
Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and affiliated militias use to attack
U.S. forces." But don't worry! Biden warned his true love to duck and cover.
Sitzkrieg: "The Supreme Court vacated an injunction forbidding the Border Patrol
from cutting the barbed wire that Texas had installed along the border,
but – contrary to many media reports – didn’t rule that what Texas had
done was illegal, or order Texas to stop policing the border."
Learning from Russia's invasion of Ukraine: "Beijing has discerned that toppling the leadership in Taipei must be done swiftly to present a“fait accompli' to the world, according to President Joe Biden’s nominee to head up Indo-Pacific Comman[.]" I have similar-ish thoughts. China isn't learning invasion is futile.
A girl can dream, right? "The Russian ministry of defense has declared 2024 as the year when
several nuclear weapons will enter the inventory of Moscow’s strategic
forces, moving a number of goalposts that were meant to be reached last
year." Is one goalpost making sure the missiles actually work?
Hmmm (via Instapundit): "The Biden administration is preparing a wave of strikes and cyber
attacks that could last 'weeks' in response to the Iranian-backed drone
attack that killed three U.S. troops in Jordan." How much work is "and cyber attacks" doing in that vow? Because when you Twitter X a king, kill him.
Promises made. Promises kept! "Joe Biden’s war on fossil fuels is hurting America[.]" How desperate does California have to get before it exploits its "almost two-thirds of the nation’s total supply of shale oil[.]" Tragically funny that Europeans are getting what they wanted with Biden. Via Instapundit.
Live by the scimitar, die by the scimitar: "Pakistan continues struggling with the Islamic terror groups it created
and supported for so long, plus the internal corruption and mayhem that
policy has created." Hiding Osama bin Laden in Abbottabad was fun until SEALs killed him. Land of many Ef-ups.
Most Iraqis don't want Iranian influence: "Iran wants the Americans out of Iraq so that Iran has a better chance to
take control of the country. Iran justifies its attacks on Iraqis and
Americans because Iran claims Israel seeks more power in Iraq. That is
absurd but normal for Iranian propaganda."
I've said panic about Trump and Ukraine is baseless: "Former President Trump does not sound like a man ready to abandon
Ukraine as some fear. This week, he instead called on Europe to match
dollar-for-dollar the amount of aid the U.S. has sent to counter Russian
aggression." But Trump's math is way off.
Saying Black students can't meet high standards is something the KKK endorses: "[One professor] implemented a 'labor based' grading system in which students are
graded on the basis of the amount of effort they claim to have put in on
an assignment." Boeing will hire them, I guess. Trying is not enough.
We waited until our troops died at Tower 22 before getting serious: "The U.S. on Friday began to
carry out strikes against Iran-backed militants and Iranian military
targets in Iraq and Syria in retaliation for a drone strike on an
American base in Jordan last Sunday that killed three U.S. service
members." More to follow.
Pacific Fleet commander: "I believe that the current size and scope of the U.S. merchant fleet is a vulnerability." He said it is designed for efficiency and not effectiveness under fire. The same could be said for our top-heavy surface warships.
Russian artillery doesn't feel the need to shoot and scoot: "Open-source investigations indicate that Russian forces are benefitting from Ukraine’s ammunition shortage and inability to conduct sufficient counterbattery warfare." Ukraine has to ration ammo for priority targets, unsure of supply resumption.
The Axis of Weasels in action: "The Kremlin is doubling down on its support for Iran as the US conducts strikes to preempt attacks by Iranian-back proxies in Iraq, Syria, and Yemen against American and other targets." Is China happy to have its energy and trade routes complicated by Iran's Houthi proxies?
Too close to the heart of darkness: "Another neighbor of Congo is the Central African Republic/CAR which
remains mired in a civil war that began in 2012 and resists all efforts
to stop the fighting."
Artillery ammo is short, but "France is sending Ukraine several hundred of its Armement Air-Sol Modulaire (AASM) Hammer bomb guidance kits. These are similar to the Stormbreaker bombs Ukraine already has." They are much more expensive than JDAM.
The never-ending story: "Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi recently won reelection for a
second term. Tshisekedi had to overcome opposition from his predecessor
Joseph Kabila, who resisted being replaced."
The folly of empire is manifested in America’s military graveyards,
mental health wards of military hospitals, post–Afghan/Iraqi War
suicides among servicemen and women, the many thousands of wounded
warriors, the waste of American treasure and resources, and the decline
of American influence in the Middle East even as China’s influence there
and elsewhere rises.
Let's address each point of evidence for the folly of our "empire" in turn, shall we?
America's military graveyards, mental health wards, veteran suicides, and wounded servicemembers.
American deaths in our post-9/11 wars were historically low. They were individual and family losses no less horrific for those directly affected for being low. But it isn't a nation-crippling loss. That isn't callous. That's a silver lining to a dark cloud of war. Ask the Russians what a disastrous level of casualties looks like.
Having more wounded (instead of dead) is relatively good news. We of course owe the wounded continued help. As we owe help to those with war-induced mental health problems. But there is no evidence offered that the problem is worse now than in the past. Or whether it is any different from the same age cohorts in the civilian world. I've certainly seen stats over the last twenty years that call into question the supposed greater problem for active duty troops or veterans compared to non-veteran civilians.
A "waste" of American treasure and resources.
The costs were relatively small for America, where even inflated costs including all indirect costs that can be tacked on are dwarfed by American "stimulus", Covid-related, and "green" spending binges we've embarked on in the last twenty years. Don't blame the war for wasting resources. And despite war our defense budget as a percentage of GDP never even approached Cold War levels.
As for wasting resources, terrorists have been set back in attacking America. Many countries once neutral or supportive of jihadi terrorism now see it as a threat to themselves that justifies cooperation with America. Doesn't anybody see that in Iraq? Pointing to Iranian influence in Iraq just means Iran retains influence that it had inside Iraq prior to the Iran-Iraq War that Saddam started in 1980. It just means we have to hold our gains in Iraq.
Sure, the outcome of the Libya War is an open wound that harms Europe. But I was against waging that war because I didn't see an American interest in joining the war that France in particular seemed eager to wage.
Decline of American influence in the Middle East.
America has helped push Israeli-Arab reconciliation, is a welcome security partner throughout the Arab world, and is key to maintaining a rough pseudo-peace in Syria and Iraq to keep jihadis, Turks, and Iranians from turning the region upside down.
Is American military strength down in the Middle East? Yes. Of course it is. Don't mistake presence for influence.
The rise if Chinese influence in the Middle East and elsewhere.
China has risen dramatically in GDP and military strength. We weren't going to change that without wars in CENTCOM. In the ten years before 9/11 we were busy enjoying that "peace dividend" following our victory in the Cold War.
So there you go. That's not a lot for a long article, but most of the article recounts a
history of American foreign policy according to a "prescient" author
twenty years ago. I say strike four.
After an expensive reorientation, the British Navy has to again contemplate a radical restructuring to face the renewed threat of major power war in Europe. This day's strategic environment is radically different than the one when the fleet was planned and built.
Sadly not. Both ships are currently keeping watch in that notorious
trouble spot known as... Portsmouth Harbour. A few days ago, Tobias
Ellwood, the Tory MP and former defence minister, asked the Defence
Secretary whether he plans to task an aircraft carrier to the Middle
East. The answer was no time soon, though according to the Ministry of
Defence, our Carrier Strike Group (the collective term for the carriers
and their support vessels) is ready to sally forth, should the call
come.
To describe that as misleading is generous. For while it is
true that the Navy could just about cobble together something resembling
a Carrier Strike Group, despatching it anywhere remotely risky would be
criminally foolhardy – and leave Britain dangerously exposed. The
painful truth is that since the ships were first commissioned, the march
of technology has threatened to render them both obsolete.
We do
not have enough smaller warships or submarines or indeed weaponry to
optimally protect them, in the way the US carrier is kept safe, unless
we are willing to abandon the protection of our own coast and our
nuclear deterrent.
If Britain is focusing their navy on supporting a single carrier strike
group, and having problems even with that limited goal, is the Royal
Navy vulnerable to being taken down with one good hit on the carrier at
sea?
This is a problem now:
This path was perhaps defensible when the Royal Navy was for power
projection in the absence of serious naval opposition. In the era of
great power competition that puts control of the seas in doubt, it is
kind of nuts.
No longer tied to the defense of Europe because of the shattering of the
Soviet Union, Britain is looking to a wider world of defense missions
to support their diplomacy and trade. Will the sun ever set on British
influence?
That global capability is no longer the prime military objective since Putin decided to wage war in Europe.
I worry America can't protect its carriers. The British have it even tougher. Where do their expensive carriers fit in with the renewed era of Russian threats to Europe?
Would the new but expensive carriers better serve British security interests in Indian service in order to free British resources for Europe and protecting freedom of navigation from threats like the Houthi?
We have another entry in the "blame America" genre of foreign policy thought about our new age of great power competition. The idea that it challenges conventional wisdom is laughable given that the charge is the ultimate in conventional wisdom.
Sakwa has challenged conventional wisdom? Please. It is the most conventional of conventional wisdom to blame America for our current challenges. And it has been that way all my politically aware life over the last five decades. No other actor has agency, in that remarkably enduring view. All actors base their decisions on what America does in that view. Or what America doesn't do. So I call bullshit on this:
Writers who challenge the conventional wisdom about history and current
events are usually interesting and provocative; Richard Sakwa, professor
emeritus of Russian and European politics at the University of Kent, is
both. In The Lost Peace, Sakwa contends that the West—mainly
the United States—is largely to blame for the new Cold War with Russia
and China. He is half right.
Sakwa believes that the West had an opportunity to forge an enduring
great power peace at the end of the Cold War. Instead, the United States
sought to maintain its “unipolar moment” by extending its “hegemony” to
Russia’s borders in Europe with NATO enlargement and trying to prevent
China’s rise in the Asia-Pacific.
America sought to revive Russia's economy and help democracy replace communism. And America sought to supercharge China's economy for decades. How much more "restraint" was America supposed to show to these problematic countries?
Good God, what was the point of a long Cold War struggle between a free West and a dictatorial, aggressive, and evil communist world if in the end we just threw the former victims to the new wolves?
And China--although the reviewer denies we are at fault for that problem--used its growing economic strength to pressure existing neighbors into accepting China's increasingly forceful expansive claims to match that power. It should be no surprise that those neighbors reject that kind of claim and pressure. Should America have told our friends and allies that China had a really good point and that maybe they should talk to China about what to give up? That would not work out well for America.
Honestly, in some ways America is just too big to ignore. Although our friends and allies managed not to turn against us militarily to balance us as classic balance-of-power theory would hold. Free democracies have limits on what they worry about, I guess.
But for less savory nations, that acceptance isn't easy. Despite our benign neglect of China and Russia during that so-called "unipolar moment," confirmed by the slow slide of our military power during the 1990s "peace dividend"--and in the rest of NATO, virtual elimination of it--Russia and China knew we could revive that power. And direct it at them. It's really the foundation of our security.
And so China and Russia became frenemies with benefits to help their territorial ambitions without being left as the last one standing when the music stopped in a game of Musical Rogue State Chairs.
But what was America supposed to do? Accept their hegemony over unwilling subjects and hope for a good outcome?
But I can kind of--if I turn the lights down, squint, and perhaps take mushrooms--see the logic for the urge to blame America. If it is America's fault and not our powerful enemies' fault, all we have to do to fix it is change our policies enough! Then those poor misjudged and good-intentioned lambs would relax and reciprocate with peace for all times!
I mean, the alternative would be that the West a lot of hard work and sacrifice ahead of us to stop actors with evil intent who would threaten our prosperity and freedom. That would suck, right?
And it's not like America will blow a gasket if it is blamed for our dangerous era. Many Americans expect to be blamed! And agree with the charge. So America is a much safer target. It's not like Biden will send an assassin with Polonium 210-laced tea to exact revenge, right? No, lucrative speaking deals in American colleges and universities are the reward for that kind of conventional wisdom-busting analysis!
Half right? More like half-wit.
This age of "great power competition" is on Russia, China, and their minor power Axis of Weasels.
NOTE: TDR Winter War of 2022 coverage continues here.
NOTE: I'm adding updates on the Last Hamas War in this post.